LA EMANCIPACION DE AMERICA. (Spanish).

Compares and contrasts the processes of independence of the United States, Haiti, and Spanish America. British America, aided by Spain and France, achieved its independence as part of an international war and through an international settlement, the 1783 Treaty of Paris. In Haiti the reaction by white residents to the French Revolution sparked a successful slave rebellion and a revolution that totally transformed the colony. Napoleon's 1808 invasion of Spain triggered a political revolution that established liberal representative government in the Spanish world, destroyed by eventual Spanish American independence. Neither Spain nor the Spanish American countries managed to recover sufficiently to become developed nations in the 19th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]